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Active substances occurring in plants, part II
Carbohydrates, commonly referred to as sugars, occur in all plants as monosaccharides (simple sugars), oligosaccharides (sugars composed of 2-10 simple sugar molecules) and polysaccharides (sugars composed of more than 10 simple sugar molecules).
They are a source of energy and building material for cells.
The most common carbohydrates we consume:
Glucose and fructose: fruit
Sucrose and oligosaccharide: sugar cane and sugar beet root
Polysaccharides: starch, inulin, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and pectins.
Starch and inulin, which act as storage materials in plant cells, are usually found in tubers, some seeds and roots.
Inulin is well absorbed by people with diabetes and is found only in representatives of the Asteraceae family
You should also know that inulin is an excellent prebiotic, stimulating the development of good intestinal bacterial flora. Inulin regulates the amount of bowel movements and reduces the tendency to constipation. In addition, it helps in controlling cholesterol levels.
Inulin also positively influences the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Due to the valuable properties of fiber, it slows the absorption of sugar from food into the blood and reduces the glycemic index of the food eaten.
Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin make up fibers known as fiber.
The presence of fiber, which has a health-promoting effect on many nutritional issues, e.g. lowering the level of cholesterol in the blood.
The source of fiber is mainly cereal products such as groats, bran, legumes, vegetables and fruit.
Fiber that swells in water causes a feeling of satiety which is helpful in the fight against obesity and is brilliant for intestinal peristalsis.
Similarly, pectins, thanks to their ability to swell strongly and form jelly, regulate the digestive process. A large amount of pectin is found in stone fruits and apple seed nests.
Polysaccharides also include mucous substances which have a beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa and the skin. They are found in the leaves of plantain and coltsfoot.
Another topic that I will discuss is my beloved FATS.